Seven Problems Restrict The Production And Operation Of Cotton Textile Industry

2011 is the year when the Chinese textile industry started in 12th Five-Year.

In this investigation, the Cotton Textile Association's personnel are divided into six research groups. The leaders of the Chinese cotton textile industry association, Zhu Beina, Secretary General Wang Yuqi and Deputy Secretary General Wang Keli, Ye Jianchun, Zheng Jiewen and Wang Qingcui, respectively, conducted field research on the cotton textile industrial agglomeration areas of four provinces including Hebei (Jincheng, Gaocheng), Shandong (Zibo, Liaocheng, Guangrao, Gaoqing County), Hubei (Xiangfan city Fancheng District, Fancheng City, Fancheng City, Ma Kou, Hui, Xian Tao, Xi), and (four, Kaifeng, Shandong) provinces.

In addition, under the strong support of the relevant government departments, the entrepreneurs' Forum was held respectively, and a total of 119 enterprises were involved.

In addition to field research, yes.

Current situation: cotton textile enterprises in 2010 have maintained strong growth in production and marketing.

Through this survey, the general feeling is that the cotton textile industry of various regions has maintained strong growth in 2010 in terms of production, sales and exports.

Enterprises have strengthened their technological progress and industrial structure adjustment, vigorously promoted the level of technology and management, and tried to overcome the impact of many adverse factors, such as the substantial increase in the price of raw materials and the rise of labor costs.

The production of yarn and cloth all showed a steady growth trend (all social caliber)

In the 16 cotton textile gathering areas surveyed, the production capacity and actual yarn and cloth output in 2010 showed a steady growth trend.

The spinning capacity is 16 million 691 thousand spindles, an increase of 25.72% over the same period last year, and the yarn output is 3 million 503 thousand and 300 tons, up 14.30% over the same period last year. The main reason is that the yarn production in HD county and Jujube area has increased very rapidly. The yarn production in Gaoqing County has increased by 42.6% over the same period last year, and the yarn production in Jujube has increased 30% over the same period last year. The textile machine capacity is 150 thousand and 800, an increase of 16.60% over the same period last year, and the output of cloth is 5 billion 535 million meters, an increase of 17.61% over the same period last year.

Cloth production increased considerably last year, Zhouzhuang town 29.3%, Yichang 30%, Fancheng District, Jujube, Ma Kou Town and other cloth output growth is above 20%.

Industrial efficiency has increased significantly (above scale enterprises)

Of the 16 areas surveyed, 2630 were above scale enterprises, and 341 thousand and 100 were employees, with an average of 130 per household. In 2010, the total sales income was 149 billion 514 million yuan, an increase of 29.61% over the previous year, with a profit of 9 billion 712 million yuan and a tax of 3 billion 496 million 300 thousand yuan.

In 2010, sales, profits, profits and taxes all over the cotton textile industry increased significantly compared with 2009. Except for Gaoqing County and Huangqiao, the growth rate of other regions and clusters showed a two digit increase. Especially in Yichang, Xiantao, Shihezi and other regions, sales revenue and profits grew even more than 40%.

This is closely related to the early 2010 low price stock of raw materials and the substantial increase in yarn prices. It is also related to the expansion of industrial scale in some areas.

In addition to Xianfeng town and Fancheng District, the number of workers in various regions has increased to varying degrees, mainly due to the optimized allocation in Xianfeng Town, and the number of small businesses below scale has decreased by 3.28% compared with the same period.

At the same time, due to the use of advanced textile production equipment, the production efficiency has been greatly improved, and the number of workers has been reduced.

Shihezi has expanded several textile industry projects, including 7 new projects and 6 new projects. The expansion of industrial projects has promoted the increase in the number of employed workers, making the number of employees increased by 15.4%.

Analysis: seven problems restrict the production and operation of enterprises.

First, the pressure of employment is great.

The average wage level of the textile industry is lower than that of other manufacturing industries, which is the direct cause of the shortage of labor. The labor intensity of textile enterprises is high, the working environment is hot and humid, the noise is high and the night shift is often required.

The age structure of workers in textile enterprises is generally large, and people over the age of 40 occupy a high proportion. After 80 or 90 years, young people tend to choose low wage restaurants, supermarkets and other service industries, and do not want to enter the three class textile enterprises.

Improving the working environment of textile mills and improving the treatment of workers has become an urgent problem to be solved. The introduction of enterprises in the future will face severe challenges.

According to the survey and interview enterprises, the wage and welfare level of textile enterprises has risen sharply in recent years, and cotton textile enterprises in Henan, Hebei and Hubei are still facing labor shortage.

In order to improve the working environment, living environment and raise wages, enterprises are attracting workers for full insurance and provident fund, free shuttle bus service, and so on. Even so, recruitment difficulties still exist.

Small and medium enterprises in some areas have small increases in wages and are not fully operational in the next few years, and some enterprises in Hubei are operating at around 50%.

But the advantages of Jihua 3542, Hubei Galaxy textile and other advantages are good.

Wuhan Jiangnan industries moved into the park and invested a lot of money in equipment upgrading and technological pformation. The new 60 thousand spindles with automatic doffing long cars and automatic winding equipment, while improving production efficiency, also partially alleviated the shortage of labor.

In 2010, the wages of cotton textile enterprises in Shandong increased by an average of about 20%. Many local workers chose to work locally, and the number of workers in the South decreased and employment was relatively stable.

Most enterprises have a higher rate of return to employees, and the rate of operation after the festival can reach more than 90%.

At present, the gap of general practitioners is small, but the shortage of technical personnel such as design, research and development has hindered enterprises from upgrading their design concepts and developing high value-added products.

For the future recruitment situation, enterprises generally hold pessimism.

In the Hubei area, the local workers and the surrounding counties and cities accounted for more than 90% of the workers' structure, and a small number of workers came from other provinces. Cotton spinning enterprises generally raised 10%~30% for the workers, but the wage level of local workers was still low, and the salaries of the employees without insurance workers were generally less than 2000 yuan, and some areas could not reach 60% of the local average wage.

At present, the employees of the enterprises are very old. Some enterprises have to maintain four classes and three operations in order to reduce the labor intensity of the workers.

According to the different nature of work, some enterprises also try to run four classes three and three classes two.

The information of recruitment is posted at the gate of the enterprises visited. Some enterprises have a large gap in employment, and the shortage of front-line workers is serious.

Two, stable orders, new single caution

Orders in Hebei and Henan are basically flat compared with the same period last year. Most enterprises in Shandong are very cautious in their orders. Due to the sharp fluctuations in the prices of raw materials in the short run, the order for SMEs is basically maintained for about 2 months, and large enterprises have also adjusted their orders for major customers, adjusted from the original 1 year orders to half a year or the first quarter.

The order is characterized by many varieties, small batch and low profit.

The production and sale of textile enterprises in Hubei are good and the market demand is strong. However, the uncertainty of the future market makes many enterprises worried about the textile situation in the second half of the year.

Due to the impact of international currency and national export tax rebate policy, foreign trade orders have been reduced, and many foreign orders have been pferred to India, Southeast Asia and other regions due to the increase of production costs.

With the further intensification of competition in the domestic market, many enterprises are not optimistic about the textile situation in the second half of the year, and are more cautious in the face of the new order enterprises.

Of course, there are also some small businesses that are more difficult to operate. For example, Hubei's single polyester production line is mainly due to a single product, low technology content and low management level, resulting in low profit margins and serious shortage of small business liquidity.

Three, production costs continue to rise.

According to the visiting enterprises, the cost of production continued to rise at the same time of rapid economic development in recent years.

In addition to the sharp rise in raw material prices, the liquidity of enterprises has been greatly reduced and the pressure on enterprises has been greatly reduced.

The average labor cost of cotton textile enterprises increased by more than 20% in 2010.

Foreign customers seek development in countries such as India, Southeast Asia and other countries with lower production costs.

In addition, the cost of materials such as electricity, steam, coal and pportation is also increasing, which has increased the pressure of production and operation of enterprises, especially small and medium enterprises with insufficient funds. The increase of production cost has greatly reduced the operating space of the circulating funds. Under pressure, enterprises are forced to reduce production scale or stop production.

Four, cotton quality decline, uneven inventory

Due to the unknown trend of cotton prices in late stage, and the tight funds of enterprises, cotton textile enterprises generally do not have much stock.

More than 50% of the enterprises in Shandong have less than two months' cotton stocks, and the average stock of raw materials in Henan and Hebei is only two months, while the cotton textile enterprises with the advantage of Hubei's Yangtze River have accumulated more sufficient raw materials, and the amount of cotton storage is in 3 months or so. The quantity of cotton storage of individual enterprises can be used in August or the new cotton market.

The decline of cotton quality is a common problem in various parts of the country. The Shandong enterprises reflect that the high price of Xinjiang cotton has seen a high rate of loss and a lot of impurities, and the quality can not be guaranteed.

It is understood that Xinjiang cotton weight loss rate as high as 1.2%~1.3%, short staple rate, affecting the quality of yarn production, cotton prices also increased in disguise.

Hubei enterprises also reflect that most of the cotton fibers are rough, which are related to climate, varieties and maturity.

The quality of Xinjiang cotton has also been reduced, and Sinop is not very good.

In addition, when enterprises purchase cotton, the situation of adulteration and inferior cotton is more prominent under the drive of interests, which seriously affects the quality of enterprise products.

Five, changes in export environment

The continued appreciation of the RMB against the US dollar has a direct impact on textile exports, which is even worse for the textile industry with lower profit margins.

Textile and apparel industry is highly dependent on foreign trade. It is very sensitive to the change of the RMB exchange rate, and it can withstand a smaller appreciation. The export of the entire industry has been greatly affected, and the profit margins have been greatly reduced.

The export value of Guangrao and Gaoqing cotton textile industrial clusters all showed negative growth in 2010. Among them, the delivery value of the enterprises below the Guangrao scale decreased by 31% compared to the same period last year.

According to the enterprises in Hubei area, enterprises have felt the policy support for export rebates and related exports weakened since the second half of 2010.

Facing the change of export environment, enterprises are worried about the export prospects under the factors of RMB appreciation, production cost increase and order reduction.

Six, the difficulty of financing highlights.

The phenomenon of domestic inflation is more and more obvious. The state has tightened monetary policy, the complexity of bank loan procedures and the characteristics of bank loans "poor and rich" have made textile enterprises' financing difficulties a common problem.

State owned commercial banks are not optimistic about the development of the textile industry. In addition, textile is a labor-intensive industry, and the number of workers is more. With the further improvement of the national insurance and pension standards, the economic burden of enterprises is much higher than that of other industries.

Due to the high cost of raw materials, liquidity is even more scarce. Textile enterprises are unable to buy advanced equipment, improve backward technology and develop new varieties that adapt to the fashion trend due to the plagued by liquidity.

Seven. Shortage of technology and management personnel

At present, textile enterprises are generally lack of technology, design and management personnel, especially fabric designers. Many textile graduates do not want to develop in the textile industry, and turn to other industries such as market sales, trade and so on, making the high-level technical and managerial personnel of textile enterprises relatively scarce.

In the face of fierce market competition, textile enterprises can continue to train new and high technology talents, improve their technological level, introduce advanced management concepts and increase the added value of products, so that they can occupy a place in the competition at home and abroad.

Conclusion: six suggestions boosted the development of the industry.

Increase government support

Although the state defines the textile industry as "the traditional pillar industry of the national economy, an important livelihood industry, and an industry with international competitive advantages", the textile industry is influenced by the wrong impression of the traditional industries with high energy consumption and low technological content, and many supporting policies can not take care of the textile industry.

Banks have raised the threshold of financing for the textile industry, especially for small and medium sized textile enterprises in terms of credit, leading to difficulties in loans to textile enterprises, tight liquidity, and equipment upgrading and technological pformation in the textile industry.

Therefore, it is suggested that the state should formulate relevant policies to support the credit of textile enterprises and set up a special support fund for industry research centers.

Strengthening cotton market regulation and supervision

We should strengthen the regulation and control of the cotton market and stabilize cotton prices.

It is suggested that the relevant departments of the state should introduce relevant regulatory systems and regulations to increase speculation on the market environment and safeguard the industry market.

Solve high key and low deduction

China implemented tax reform in 1994 and implemented the VAT system.

According to the regulations, the cotton input tax rate is 13%, the sales tax rate of cotton spinning products is 17%, and cotton is the main raw material for cotton textile enterprises, accounting for more than 70% of the total production cost.

This kind of tax policy with high taxes and low taxes is obviously unfair to China's cotton spinning enterprises. Therefore, we suggest that all taxes on input and output should be carried out in accordance with 17%.

Improving the issuance of cotton quotas

Through investigation and investigation, many enterprises reflected that there were some enterprises failing to get quota policies, and some enterprises or trading companies were unable to use quotas. Some enterprises reflected that after the acquisition or merger of the original quota enterprises, they could not get the original cotton quota, and the interests of enterprises could not be guaranteed.

Due to the issue of time and quantity of quotas, enterprises can not choose the right time to purchase cotton according to market price and cotton grading needs.

Therefore, it is suggested that the state should improve relevant policies for quota issuance, give full payment in a lump sum, and issue early, and tilt to cotton textile production enterprises, rationally allocate quotas, and solve the problem of cotton production in cotton textile enterprises.

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Raising cotton farmers' enthusiasm

The policy of encouraging cotton growing area and improving cotton varieties was introduced to subsidize cotton farmers and enhance farmers' enthusiasm for cotton planting.

Promoting healthy development of industrial clusters

We should further cultivate industrial clusters and increase brand building and protection.

On the basis of the existing textile industrial clusters, we should support strong alliances, mergers and reorganizations among advantageous enterprises, integrate advantageous resources, optimize industrial structure, enhance regional competitiveness, cultivate comprehensive environmental advantages of industrial clusters, and promote the construction of regional brand of industrial clusters.

The government should pay attention to the construction, publicity and protection of regional brands, organize local enterprises to participate in well-known exhibitions at home and abroad, publicize the regional brands of industrial clusters, and launch private brands with the fashion show. The government gives the corresponding capital subsidies to exhibitors, constantly improving the brand awareness of enterprises, and speeding up the process of brand building.

We should do well in guiding the pfer of industries.

In the process of promoting the pfer of coastal labor-intensive industries to the mainland, we should guide the adjustment of industrial structure and product mix to help industrial clusters build an industrial pfer platform with advantages.

We should focus on the development of public service platform for industrial clusters.

The textile industry in the industrial cluster area is a pillar industry of the local economy. It plays an important role in the development of the local economy. It is hoped that the government will actively set up product research and development design center, product quality inspection center, talent training center, information and business center and professional market for textile enterprises, and provide guiding suggestions for the development of textile enterprises, and cooperate with the development of the industrial chain to improve the regional competitiveness of industrial clusters in all directions.