Export Enterprises Are On The Alert! Five Countries In South America Demonstrate Turmoil, Foreign Exchange Control And Payment Delay.

In recent years, relatively quiet South America, in just a few months this year, there have been many major social problems in many countries, such as Chile's entry into a state of emergency, the turmoil in Ecuador, the nationwide disturbances in Bolivia, the resignation of President Morales, the Columbia strike and so on.

Foreign trade export enterprises must pay attention to the market and the risk of foreign exchange collection.

In August 12th, because of Macri's unexpected election in the initial election of the presidential election, Argentina staged a triple bond. Argentina Peso fell to about 36% against the US dollar, to 61.99 pesos, which set a new low in the intraday market. The renminbi rose to 7.3885 pesos against the Argentina peso and appreciated 35% during the year.

The market is worried that if Fernandes is elected, the budget of the Argentine government may expand again, thereby jeopardize the IMF's financial assistance to Argentina. Traders are worried that the election is a signal that the country may consider returning to monetary and capital control policies.

At present, the domestic economic and financial situation in Argentina is still in crisis. The situation of high unemployment, high inflation and high foreign debt has not changed significantly. Data show that as of the first quarter of this year, Argentina's domestic unemployment rate exceeded 10%; in July this year, Argentina's domestic CPI rose by 55.8% over the same period.

In October 27th, opposition candidate Fernandes won the presidential election.

In October 28th, the Central Bank of Argentina announced that it would substantially adjust the quota of individuals buying dollars, and adjust the amount of US dollar purchase to US $200 per month until December.

Earlier this action prevented the peso exchange rate from falling, and announced in early September that the US dollar purchase limit was $10 thousand, while other exchange rate control policies were also introduced.

Argentina must repay $5 billion by the end of 2019, but its resources are very limited.

Although the total amount of foreign exchange reserves in the country still looks quite impressive, the total amount is 43 billion US dollars, but if we deduct some unused assets, such as Argentine dollar deposits every day and the credit lines granted by China, this figure will be significantly reduced. Analysts from Bloomberg News poll estimated that policymakers could actually spend less than 12 billion 500 million dollars in discretionary amounts. SiobhanMorden, an analyst at AmherstPierpontSecurities, thinks the figure is only $6 billion 500 million.

Bond investors are basically prepared for the default, and some overseas bonds issued by the Argentina government have fallen to less than 40% of their face value. However, the dreadful situation of the foreign exchange reserve indicates that the default may be earlier than some people expected, perhaps shortly after President Fernandes took office in December.

1. exchange rate effect

The central bank has restricted the amount of US dollar purchases from $10000 a month in September to $200 per month, aimed at stabilizing the peso and preventing the bank's foreign exchange reserves from flowing. After the announcement of the central bank in October 28th, the peso increased by more than 3%, and the trading price in the exchange was 1 US dollars to 63 US dollars.

2. agricultural products export tax will increase.

As far as Argentina is concerned, the economic crisis is further deepened, and strengthening the export of agricultural products is not one of the important means to solve foreign debts. However, at present, Argentina's foreign exchange reserves are tight, and the new government's ability to generate money will be tested. Raising the export tariffs of agricultural products seems to be the only way to raise funds to repay Argentina's loans due at IMF.

3. buyer's payment delay

At present, Argentina's foreign exchange control is more stringent. Enterprises with goods exported to Argentina need to pay attention to the situation of foreign exchange collection. The direction of foreign exchange transfers will be greatly restricted. The amount and time limit will be seriously affected. Cooperation with Argentina buyers must not lower the bottom line of payment.

4., anti-dumping is serious.

Since this year, Argentina has launched 9 anti-dumping investigations against China, and has already imposed a high anti-dumping duty on microwave ovens, cotton fabrics, wheels, spring shock absorbers, sunglasses, spectacle frames, corrective eyesight glasses, thermos flasks and hand pliers. It is suggested that foreign trade people who export to Argentina must make good market investigation in advance to ensure that products are not listed in anti-dumping or countervailing duties.

Introduction to Argentina

Republic of Argentina (English: theRepublicofArgentina, Rep blicaArgentina, Spanish: Rep blicaArgentina), referred to as Argentina, consists of 23 provinces and the federal capital (Buenos Aires), a Federal Republic with a presidential system. Located in southeastern South America, east to the Atlantic, South and Antarctica across the sea, West Chile, North and Bolivia, Paraguay border, northeast and Uruguay, Brazil border.

Population: by the end of 2013, the total population of the country was about 41 million 450 thousand, ranking the thirty-first in the world. Women accounted for 51.06% and men accounted for 48.93%. The population density is relatively low, about 15 persons per square kilometer.

Capital: Buenos Aires.

Language: Spanish.


In October 6th, the Chilean government said that as the world's oil prices rose, public transport in China was affected, and the fares in the morning and evening peak would rise from 800 pesos to 830 pesos (equivalent to a rise of RMB 3 cents). After that, some people began to protest in the streets, dissatisfied with the heavy burden of life, and demanding that the government reform labor laws, pensions and tax systems.

In October 18th, extremist demonstrators took to the streets arson, clashed with police and ignited the landmark building of the Chilean capital Santiago.

On the morning of October 19th, Chilean President Pinera delivered a speech on television, saying the government had already launched the National Security Act and announced that Santiago Province, including Santiago, entered a state of emergency.

On the night of October 22nd, Chilean President Pinera delivered a national television speech to apologize to the Chilean people.

On October 30th, Pinera made a televised speech at the presidential palace, saying that because of the recent series of demonstrations in the country, the Chilean government would give up hosting the informal APEC APEC leaders meeting in November and December in Santiago, and the United Nations Conference on climate change.

On October 26th, Pinera made a televised speech that he would replace the members of the Chilean government. Pinera added that the government will take measures within the framework of the law to rebuild social order, protect citizens' safety, and take measures to improve people's livelihood.

On the evening of October 26th, the army announced the lifting of the curfew. Since October 28th, the state of emergency has been lifted.

In November 10th, the Chilean President Pinera's government said that it would reform the constitution established during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet and replace it with a constitution that provides a new social contract to quell the protests that lasted for nearly a month. Blue Mel, the interior minister, said the constitution would be drafted by a "constitutional Congress" and approved by a referendum, which did not provide more details.

1. the 20 ports in Chile went on strike.

20 ports in Chile, including Sanantonio and Valparaiso, went on strike to support protesters across the country. The strike action will seriously affect the normal export of the country's main commodities, and even affect the relevant foreign trade enterprises that call at the port and import the country. Please send a recent shipment to Chile to pay attention to the risk of collection and shipment.

2. a large number of Chinese businessmen are seriously damaged.

In the riots, Chinese businessmen were also hard to escape, and the overseas Chinese in Qingtian, Lishui, Zhejiang had the most damage. According to statistics from the Qingtian Association of Lishui in Chile, on the 19 day, a total of 8 Lishui's Qingtian compatriots engaged in department stores were robbed in varying degrees.

3. aviation, air freight and logistics are greatly affected.

EduardoGoycoolea, executive director of Xinhai line, said: "because of turbulence, our products were delayed by air freight. Chile's logistics system has been greatly affected, including roadblocks, airport problems, class delays and even cancellation. We hope that traffic conditions will resume as soon as possible in the next few days.

4. salmon industry is affected

Due to delays in operation at Santiago Airport, the volume of chilled salmon arrived in the world has decreased. If the Chilean turmoil continues, the spot price of chilled salmon will have to be affected. A Chinese importer said the turmoil had affected the issuance of salmon's export certificate in Chile.

5. Chile's peso has depreciated sharply.

Chile's peso fell to a record low of about 1 pesos in November 11th, and the Santiago stock market fell by 1.5%.

Chile introduction

Republic of Chile (Spanish: Rep blicadeChile), referred to as Chile. Located in the southwestern part of South America, at the Western foot of the Andes. The East is adjacent to Argentina, the north is bordering Peru and Bolivia, the west is the Pacific Ocean, and the south is opposite to Antarctica. It is the most narrow and long terrain in the world, with an area of 756715 square kilometers.

Population: Chile has a total population of 17 million 570 thousand, of which the urban population accounts for 86.9%. White and Indo European mixed race accounted for about 89% and Indians accounted for about 11%. Indians in the southern part of the area are concentrated.

Capital: Santiago.

Language: Spanish.


In early 2019, Ecuador reached a $4 billion 200 million loan agreement with the International Monetary Fund, which will carry out tax reform and reduce fuel subsidies (about US $1 billion 300 million) to reduce public expenditure.

In October 2nd, Ecuador President Moreno announced a series of reforms, including tax increases, labour laws, public spending cuts and decades of fuel subsidies. A nationwide protest was launched.

The Ecuador government carries out fuel subsidies every year, but this subsidy actually causes the government to lose 1 billion 300 million US dollars (about 1 billion pounds), so the government has decided to stop subsidies. However, the price of fuel will probably double as a result, so that the transport sector and the masses will be dissatisfied.

In October 3rd, a number of protest demonstrations broke out in Ecuador. The entire nation was deeply irritated by the aborigines who suffered from poverty and inadequate public services. Thousands of aborigines poured into the capital. Street and rural expressways were completely blocked by protesters, and demonstrators occupied government buildings, oil fields, water treatment facilities and hydropower stations. The president of Ecuador subsequently announced the relocation of the capital to Guayaquil and entered the 60 day state of emergency.

In October 8th, with the escalation of events, the angry crowd also had some sabotage in addition to the protest. Due to protests and sabotage, the traffic around Guayaquil was paralyzed, and local demonstrators occupied the main roads and bridges.

In October 13th, the Ecuador government held a dialogue with representatives of indigenous residents of Indian to reach agreement on the government's earlier cancellation of fuel price subsidies. Indian indigenous group leaders agreed to end the national strike and stop the demonstrations.

Under the agreement, President Moreno agreed to cancel the Presidential Decree No. 883. The government will immediately set up a committee with representatives of indigenous residents of Indian to work together to draft more perfect new laws. Moreno said this is a solution for Ecuador's resumption of peace as soon as possible.

1. transportation is seriously affected.

In recent days, the main roads of Ecuador were blocked up, and the urban traffic was completely paralyzed. Even flights and ships could not operate normally.

2. aquaculture industry has great influence.

The outbreak occurred during the fishing period of Ecuador white shrimp, which hindered the overall shipment of white shrimp to a large extent. In addition to transport disruption, the future shipments are the most sensitive and most concerned issues for the exporters of Ecuador white shrimp exporters, as the EU market and the US market will also be affected by this outbreak except for the measures such as China's thorough investigation of the ban and the impact of riot time on the situation.

3. crude oil production is affected

In October 12th, sources from the Ministry of energy of Ecuador said that the unrest in Ecuador had resulted in a reduction of 877 thousand and 678 barrels of crude oil output, including 140 thousand and 885 barrels of private enterprises.

Introduction to Ecuador

The Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: Rep blicadelEcuador), referred to as Ecuador. Located in the northwestern part of South America, the north is adjacent to Columbia, South to Peru, and west to the Pacific Ocean. It is the same country as Chile, which is not adjacent to Brazil, and also has Galapagos Islands, which is 1000 kilometers away from Ecuador.

Population: the total population of Ecuador is 15789330 (2013). Among them, Indo European mixed race accounted for 77.42%, Indian 6.83%, white race 10.46%, black and white race 2.74%, blacks and other races 2.55%.

Capital: Quito.

Language: Spanish.


Since the presidential election in October 20th this year, Bolivia has been caught in a serious political crisis.

In October 21st, the general election polls showed that when President Morales won the battle, the opposition party complained that he had cheated and continued to protest.

In October 23rd, the Bolivia opposition launched an endless strike to protest the election results. Bolivia security forces clashed with demonstrators in the capital, La Paz and elsewhere. Protesters set fire to the election offices in 8 districts, and police fired tear gas into demonstrators. 23 police in Bolivia found that 400 people were planning to carry explosives against the supreme electoral court.

In November 10th, Morales was forced to resign and seek political asylum in Mexico. Subsequently, the vice president of the country and the speaker of the Senate also announced their resignation.

Immediately, opposition Senator Janina Agnes was sworn in as interim president and took severe measures to calm Morales supporters' demonstrations. By November 15th, at least 9 demonstrators died and the total number of deaths increased to 23.

In November 24th, Bolivia's interim president Agnes signed and promulgated a new election bill to hold "clean, fair and transparent elections" as soon as possible.

1. the national strike has serious impact on transportation.

As of November 5th, anti government demonstrators continued to set up roadblocks throughout the country during the nationwide strike. Among them, the Santa Cruz has been the most affected. Since October 23rd, most of the main roads in the city centre have been blocked, and a large number of local enterprises have closed down or limited time. Some markets in the city have also been in short supply.

2. taxis can't run without oil. People buy meat to go to the black market.

According to Agence France-Presse reported on November 17th, in the frequent protests, the most affected people are the local people. Almost every gas station in the capital, La Paz, has run out of petrol. Protesters also blocked the operation of La Paz to the main roads of neighboring El Artaud and the refinery of El Artaud, resulting in the interruption of gasoline and natural gas supply in the whole La Paz area. In addition, the agricultural supply routes surrounding La Paz were also blocked by protesters. This also led to another result - the people of La Paz, who could not afford to eat anything.

Introduction to Bolivia

Bolivia, a multi-ethnic country (Spanish: EstadoPlurinacionaldeBolivia), referred to as Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in the Central South America. Its periphery is adjacent to Brazil, Peru, Chile, Argentina and Paraguay. The whole country is mainly plateau terrain, with an average altitude of more than 3000 meters, and is the highest in the world.

Population: 10 million 624 thousand of the total population. The urban population accounts for 6 million 574 thousand of the total population, 65% of the total population, and 3 million 454 thousand of the rural population, accounting for 35% of the total population. Bolivia is a multi-ethnic country with mainly indigenous peoples, including all ethnic groups; the maastiso people: the mixed blood descendants of European and African immigrants and Aborigines (about 30% of Bolivia's population) and European and African immigrants (about 15% of the total population).

Capital: the statutory capital is Sucre, and the actual government is La Paz.

Language: Spanish, Indian, and 36 ethnic languages.


In November 21st, more than 200 thousand people took to the streets in Columbia. Demonstrators occupied all walks of life in Columbia, including students, teachers and trade union organizers. They asked the government to maintain the minimum wage and pension rights of young people and oppose President Duke's new national development plan.

Although the government has not officially announced the implementation of this reform measure, it has become the "fuse" of the public's dissatisfaction with President Duke. Since Duke took office in August 2018, his approval rating has dropped to 26%.

A number of foreign media reports say this is one of the biggest protests in the country in recent years. The protests were basically peaceful but turned violent at night.

In Bogota, Columbia, protesters smashed windows, destroyed bus stops, set up roadblocks, and threw stones at police officers. Riot police dispatched armored vehicles to tear tear gas at Bogota square to deal with the violence of protesters.

Police said that about 207 thousand people were involved in the demonstration. At least 36 violent elements were arrested, 37 military police and 42 civilians were injured. The possibility of further increase in casualties is not ruled out. The Columbia government temporarily closed its border with Venezuela and Ecuador in neighboring countries.

On November 22nd, President Ivan Duke of Columbia ordered the curfew of the capital Bogota on the night of 9. Duke announced on the same day that the government will launch a "national dialogue" next week to find a medium-term and long-term solution to social injustice and corruption. Duke believes that the current dialogue has "room" to help narrow the social gap, combat corruption more effectively and build a peaceful and rule of law society. "

1. violent demonstrations seriously affect people's travel and business activities.

In the capital of Bogota, the subway and bus rapid transit are the main public transportation means for the local people to make their daily trips. In this parade, many violent elements deliberately sabotaged, causing nearly one hundred bus stops to be damaged to varying degrees, causing great trouble to the local people's travel.

In the past few days, there have been looting shops against shops. Many stores have taken protective measures, but business has been greatly affected.

2. the border is closed. Freight is subject to greater restrictions.

In response to this national demonstration, the Colombian government closed all land borders with neighbouring countries, and all land and sea lanes from Columbia, neighboring Peru, Brazil and Venezuela will be restricted. Due to the uncertainty of this event, goods exported to Columbia may be delayed in varying degrees.

Introduction to Columbia

The Republic of Columbia (Spanish: Rep blicadeColombia), referred to as Columbia. Columbia is located in the northwest of South America, east of Venezuela, Brazil, south of Ecuador, Peru, northwest and Panama, North Caribbean Sea, West to the Pacific Ocean.

Population: the total population of Columbia was 46 million 400 thousand in 2014, and it was the second largest country in South America. The five cities of Bogota, Medellin, Cali, Barranquilla and Cartagena are mainly concentrated in Columbia. The races in Columbia are the result of the mixing of native Indians, Spanish settlers and African slaves.

Capital: Bogota.

Official language: Spanish.

Shipping advice:

1, for those who have not shipped to Hong Kong, but they have already cleared their money, they do not need to worry. But they can keep in touch with customers and help customers overcome difficulties.

2. For shipments that have been cleared but not settled, they should be promptly charged to the customers. Payment by L / C must be made in time for negotiation and negotiation.

3, for the upcoming shipments, as far as possible before shipment to settle the final payment, communicate with customers, according to the actual situation to determine whether shipment. We should adhere to the principle of "no payment, no delivery" and avoid risks.

(source) The external market and cross research center are integrated by the global textile network. )