Detailed Explanation Of Textile Printing Methods Commonly Used In Production

< p > > a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com/news/" > textile printing > /a > the same dye or pigment that can be used to produce dyed fabrics when used and dyed. The special dyes used for printing and dyeing are very similar to the dye and have the same dyeing characteristics.

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The design of printed fabrics is an important part of the printing industry. < p >

For the work of "a href=" //www.sjfzxm.com/news/index_c.asp > textile industry < /a > with high fashion requirements, we need to introduce new pattern patterns constantly.

Fabric print designers can create patterns by hand painting and computer aided design (CAD) in two ways.

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< p > dyes or pigments are usually dyed in water bath.

When the same dye or pigment is used for printing, it must be thickened with gum or starch to prevent its exudation from the pattern.

This thickening solution is equivalent to the consistency of the concentrated skim milk, called the printing paste.

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< p > some dyestuffs can not be used for < a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com/news/index_c.asp" > printing paste > /a > due to their poor solubility and low coloring.

The textile printing plant is a professional department of textile printing in textile industry. They may be a production department of a large textile joint company, or a commissioned processing plant.

The processing of printing plants, as commissioned by the processing of knitting factories (see Chapter sixth, Section 1), can be carried out in large textile joint companies lack of fabric printing process.

Similarly, they are not responsible for the choice of patterns and colors of printed fabrics.

The choice of printing patterns and colors is usually carried out by design companies or grey cargo owners (such as textile wholesalers, import agents, private producers).

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< p > printing method < /p >

< p > > a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com" > textile > /a > printing has several methods, among which two printing methods which are of commercial importance are screen printing and roller printing.

The third method is heat pfer printing, which is of relatively low importance.

Other printing methods rarely used in textile production include wood formwork printing, wax vale (i.e. wax resist) printing, yarn dyed fabric printing and anti dyeing printing.

Many textile printing factories use screen printing and roller printing to print fabrics.

Most of the heat pfer prints carried out by printing factories are also printed in this way.

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< p > 1. Screen printing < /p >

< p > > a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com" > screen printing > /a > preparation of printing screen. Printing screen mesh (used for printing process screen was made of fine silk. This process is called screen printing.

Although silk screen is no longer used, the name of screen printing is often used in printing process.

Made of nylon, polyester or metal fabrics with fine mesh on a wooden or metal frame.

The screen fabric should be coated with an opaque and non porous film.

There are patterns, to remove opaque film, leaving a screen mesh, this area is the part that will print the pattern.

Most commercial screen fabrics are first coated with a photosensitive film, and then the pattern is removed by photosensitive removal of the film on the tread pattern.

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< p > place the screen to print the fabric to be printed.

Pour the printing paste into the printing frame and force it through the mesh of the screen through a scraper (a tool similar to windscreen wiper on the windshield).

Each color in the printing pattern needs a screen mesh alone, with the purpose of printing different colors separately.

Case 3 color printing requires 3 net frames to print 3 colors onto the fabric.

In addition, each pattern in the pattern must be accurately positioned on the screen so that the pattern position is accurate after printing, avoiding the appearance of a green stalk on the middle of a red petal.

Printing refers to the industrial term that all patterns are accurately printed on fabric.

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< p > there are three ways to screen screen printing. The application principle of each method is basically the same.

The first is hand screen printing, which is very common in 1920s and is still widely used.

Until the middle of 1950s, modern technology gave this process automation method, manual screen printing has been the only screen printing method.

The second method is called automatic screen printing (also known as flat screen printing and automatic flat screen printing).

In the middle of 1960s, with further development, the shape of screen mesh developed from manual and automatic flat net to circular net shape.

The third method, called circular screen printing or rotary screen printing, is currently the most widely used screen printing method.

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< p > two, manual screen printing < /p >.

< p > > a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com" > manual screen printing > /a > commercial production on long platen (table length up to 60 yards).

Printed cloth rolls are laid on the platen smoothly, and the surface of the platen is coated with a small amount of sticky material.

Then the stamp worker moves the net frame continuously along the entire platen, and prints a net frame at a time until the fabric is printed.

Each frame corresponds to a printed pattern.

The production rate of this method is 50-90 yards per hour.

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< p > commercial manual screen printing is also widely used for printing cutting garments.

In the process of garment printing, the garment making process is arranged along with the printing process.

When the garment piece is stitched together, the custom or unique pattern is printed on the garment piece.

Because manual screen printing can produce large net frames for big flowers, the printing method can also print fabrics such as beach towel, new printed apron, curtain and shower curtain.

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< p > manual screen printing is also used to print limited and highly fashionable women's clothing and print small quantities of products for market exploration.

Manual screen printing method is shown in Figure 9 - 3.

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< p > three, automatic screen printing < /p >

< p > automatic screen printing (or flat screen printing), in addition to the automation of the process, others are faster than manual screens.

Printed fabric is conveyed through a wide rubber belt to the screen, but not (like manual screen printing) on a long stage.

Like manual screen printing, automatic screen printing is intermittent rather than continuous.

In this process, the fabric is moved to the bottom of the screen and then stopped. The scraper on the screen is scraped and printed automatically. After scraping, the fabric continues to move under the next net frame. The production speed is about 500 yards per hour.

Automatic screen printing can only be used for whole rolled fabrics. The cut pieces are usually not printed in this way.

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< p > as a commercial production process, the production of automatic screen printing (flat screen printing) is decreasing due to the use of circular screen printing which is more efficient.

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< p > four, rotary screen printing < /p >.

< p > circular screen printing has several important aspects which are different from other screen printing methods.

Rotary screen printing is similar to the roller printing that will be described in the next section. It is a continuous process. The printed fabric is conveyed through the wide rubber belt to the circular web cages under continuous movement (see Figures 9 to 6 and 9 to 7).

In screen printing, rotary screen printing has the fastest production rate, more than 3500 yards per hour.

Use seamless metal mesh or plastic mesh.

The largest circle is larger than 40 inches, so the largest flower size is larger than 40 inches.

More than 20 sets of rotary screen printing machines have been produced. This printing method is slowly replacing roller printing.

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< p > five, roller printing < /p >.

< p > > a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com" > roller printing < /a > like newspaper printing, is a high-speed process that can produce more than 6000 yards of printed fabric per hour. This method is also called mechanical printing. In roller printing, the pattern is printed on the fabric by engraving copper roller (or roller).

The copper drum can be carved with very fine lines arranged in close order, so that it can print very detailed and gentle patterns.

For example, fine and compact Perry Liz scroll prints are printed by roller printing.

The design of the flower barrel should be exactly the same as that of the pattern designer, each of which needs a carving roll.

(in the textile industry specific printing process, five roller printing, six roller printing and so on are often used to represent five or six sets of roller printing.

Roller printing is the most widely used printing production method, and its output is declining every year.

If the quantity of each pattern is not very large, this method is not economical.

In most cases, the cost of drum preparation and equipment adjustment is high and the consumption is long, making printing using this method less economical.

However, roller printing is often used for printing patterns with very fine lines, such as Pezli scroll prints and large print patterns printed in large quantities in many seasons.

Figures 9 - 8 and 9 - 9 show the side view and picture of roller printing machine respectively.

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< p > the size of the engraving cylinder depends on the printing machine and the printing pattern.

Most printing machines can be equipped with a maximum diameter of 16 inches. That is to say, the size of the printed pattern can not exceed 16 inches.

The width of the flower tube should be slightly larger than the width of the printed fabric, so that the fabric including the selvage can be completely printed inside.

Once ready, the printing roller can be used almost unlimitless. It is no problem to print several million yards of fabric in general.

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Fixing color < /p > P > six, screen printing and roller printing.

< p > once the fabric is printed through screen or roller, the color is positioned on the cloth, and further treatment is needed to fix the color.

Dyes used for printing colorants must be able to combine with fibers.

It is called steaming process to place printed fabrics in a steam at a temperature approaching or sometimes exceeding the boiling point (high pressure steaming) of water.

After steaming, the fabric should be soaped to remove other substances used in printing paste and color paste formula.

Finally, the fabric passes through several washing and drying processes.

In printing process, a lot of water and heat are needed.

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< p > printing, if it is pigment, not dye, < a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com" > fabric < /a >, it needs to undergo dry heat treatment up to about 210 degrees Celsius to solidify the resin of the fixing coating. This step is called baking, and no further processing is needed.

Printing with dyes instead of dyes can save a lot of water and energy.

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< p > the textile industry usually calls the dyed printed fabric called wet printed cloth, and the pigment printed fabric is called dry printed cloth.

This is because wet printing cloth needs steam steaming and subsequent washing as part of the whole process.

On the other hand, printed cloth is only a part of the coloring process simply by dry hot baking. It does not need washing.

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< p > seven, heat pfer printing < /p >

< p > the principle of heat pfer printing is a bit similar to that of moving printing.

In heat pfer printing, first print the patterns on the paper with disperse dyes and printing ink, then store the printed paper (also known as pfer paper) for textile printing.

In textile printing, after heat pfer printing machine (as shown in Figure 9 to 10), the pfer paper and the non printed face to face are pasted together. At about 210 degrees (400T), the dye is sublimated and pferred to the fabric under such high temperature, and the printing process is finished without further processing.

The process is relatively simple and does not require professional knowledge such as roller printing or rotary screen printing (see Figure 9 - 11).

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The P > disperse dye is the only dyestuff that can be sublimated and, in a sense, the only dye that can be heat pfer printing, so the process can only be used on fabrics made of fibers with affinity to these dyes, including acetate fiber, acrylonitrile fiber, polyamide fiber (nylon) and polyester fiber.

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When printing heat pfer printing (P), the printing plant should purchase this printed paper from a highly specialized printing paper manufacturer.

Printing paper can be printed according to the requirements of the designer and customer (ready made pattern can also be used for pfer printing) O < /p >

< p > heat pfer printing can be used for printed clothing (such as edge printing, chest pocket embroidery, etc.), in which case special design and pattern should be used.

Heat pfer printing, as a complete textile printing method, stands out from the printing process. Therefore, large and expensive dryer, steamer, water washer and stretching machine are omitted.

Because the printing paper can be checked before printing, this eliminates the inaccuracy of flowers and other defects.

Therefore, there are few defective products in heat pfer printing fabrics.

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< p > continuous heat pfer printing produces about 250 yards per hour.

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< p > eight, jet printing and its development prospect < /p >

< p > a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com" > jet printing < /a > spray small dye droplets and stay at the precise location of the fabric. The nozzle and pattern used for spraying dye can be controlled by computer, and complex patterns and precise pattern loops can be obtained.

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< p > jet printing eliminates the delay and cost increase caused by engraving rollers and making screens. This is a competitive advantage in the rapidly changing textile market.

The jet printing system is flexible and fast, and can quickly pfer from one pattern to another.

Printed fabrics are not subject to tension (that is to say, they will not be distorted by stretching), and the fabric surface will not be rolled, thereby eliminating the potential problems of fabric fuzzing or raising.

However, this process can not print fine patterns and blurred patterns.

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< p > now jet printing is almost used for carpet printing, not an important process for textile textile printing.

However, with the research and development of mechanical and electronic control technology, this situation may change.

At present, several jet printing machines have been put into textile printing production, including the Millitron spray printing machine developed by Millilin and its company.

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