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How To Carry Out Personal Career Planning

2008/11/28 11:47:00 41939

Career planning is very important for career success. If you want to get better in the new year, you have to make a career plan for yourself.

So how do we plan our career?

　　如何进行个人职业生涯规划

　　职业生涯规划的双重视角

Career planning actually includes two levels: one is the personal career planning based on the development of the organization, the other is the career planning based on personal career development.

Any practical career planning should take these two aspects into account.

But for different people, the proportion of their consideration is different. Their differences are balanced by two dimensions of career commitment and organizational commitment.

Career commitment can be defined as "a person's attitude toward his chosen career" or "someone's motivation to work in a selected occupation". Usually, career commitment includes the establishment of personal career goals and the recognition and devotion to these goals.

Personal willingness to devote energy and continuous pursuit of personal career goals can be seen as a high level of career commitment.

The core is occupational commitment and "obsession" with the chosen profession.

Organizational commitment refers to the degree of individual input and recognition to an organization. It consists of three parts: first, the strong belief and acceptance of organizational goals; two, the desire to play a role in the organization; and three, the strong desire to maintain organizational membership.

The interaction between career commitment and organizational commitment on two individual career planning can be illustrated in Figure 1.

Those with higher organizational commitment will be more willing to develop their career in the same organization, while those with higher career commitment will regard the enterprise as a springboard for a stage.

Generally speaking, from the perspective of ease of operation or from the perspective of an enterprise, we are more willing to talk about personal career planning based on organizational development as the main content.

Here we will focus on the way of individual career planning based on organizational development.

　　职业生涯规划的流程与方法

The career planning process includes seven basic steps: establishing a correct career development belief, self assessment, career opportunity assessment, career orientation, setting development goals, formulating action plans and implementation plans, career assessment and feedback.

　　1、树立正确的生涯发展信念。生涯发展的信念是事业成功的基本前提。俗话说“志不定，天下无可成之事”。立志是人生的起跑点，反映着一个人的理想、胸怀、情趣和价值观，影响着一个人的奋斗目标及成就的大小。所以，在制定生涯规划时，首先要确立人生志向，期望人生取得更大发展，这是制定职业生涯规划的关键。

　　2、自我评估。自我评估的目的是认识自己，了解自己。因为只有认识了自己，才能对自己的职业作出正确的选择。一般来说，自我评估包括自己的兴趣、特长、性格、学识、技能、智商以及组织管理、协调、活动能力等。

　　3、生涯机会的评估。生涯机会的评估主要是评估各种环境对自己生涯发展的影响。每一个人都处在一定的环境之中，离开了这个环境，便无法生存与成长。所以，在制定个人的职业生涯规划时，要分析环境条件的特点、环境的发展变化情况、自己与环境的关系、自己在这个环境中的地位、环境对自己提出的要求，以及环境对自己的有利条件与不利条件等等。只有对这些环境因素充分了解，才能做到在复杂的环境中避害趋利，使生涯规划具有实际意义。如组织环境因素评估包括组织发展战略、人力资源需求、晋升发展机会等等。

　　4、职业方向定位。通过自我评估及生涯机会评估，结合生涯发展愿望，我们可初步确立个人的职业发展方向，如具体的行业/领域、职业、职位、希望发展的高度等。

　　5、设定发展目标。生涯目标的设定是职业生涯规划的核心。一个人事业的成败，很大程度上取决于有无正确适当的目标。没有目标，就如同大海的孤舟，四野茫茫；有了目标，目标就犹如海洋中的灯塔，引导你避开险礁暗石，走向成功。职业生涯目标的设定，是以自己的最佳才能、最优性格、最大兴趣、最有利的环境等信息为依据，通常包括人生目标、长期目标、中期目标与短期目标的确定，它们分别与人生规划、长期规划、中期规划和短期规划相对应。一般，我们首先要根据个人的专业、性格、气质和价值观以及社会的发展趋势确定自己的人生目标和长期目标，然后再把人生目标和长期目标进行分化，根据个人的经历和所处的组织环境制定相应的中期目标和短期目标。

　　6、制定行动方案与实施计划。在确定了生涯目标后，行动变成了关键的环节。没有达成目标的行动，就不能达成目标，也就谈不上事业的成功。这里所指的行动是指落实目标的具体措施，主要包括工作、训练、教育、轮岗等方面的措施。例如，为达成目标，你通过什么样的通道来实现？在工作方面，你计划采取什么措施提高你的工作效率？在业务素质方面，你计划如何提高你的业务能力？在潜能开发方面，采取什么措施开发你的潜能？这些都要有具体的计划与明确的措施，以便定时检查。

　　7、生涯评估与反馈。俗话说“计划赶不上变化”，影响生涯规划的因素很多。有的变化因素是可以预测的，而有的变化因素难以预测。在此状况下，要使生涯规划行之有效，就须不断地对生涯规划进行评估与修订。其修订的内容包括：职业的重新选择、生涯路线的选择、人生目标的修正、实施措施与计划的变更等等。

职业生涯规划的原则

To achieve the smooth implementation of career planning, we must abide by some basic principles.

　　首先，必须实事求是。准确的自我认识和自我评价是制定个人职业计划的前提。

　　其次，职业规划方案必须切实可行。个人的职业目标一定要同自己的能力、特质及工作适应性相符合，一个学历不高又无专长的员工，却一心想进入管理层，在现代企业中显然不切实际。其次，个人职业目标和职业道路的确定，要考虑到客观环境条件。例如，在一个论资排辈的企业里，刚毕业的大学生就不宜把担当重要管理工作确定为自己的短期职业目标。

　　第三，个人职业目标要与企业目标协调一致。员工是借助于企业来实现自己的职业目标的，其职业计划必须要在为企业目标奋斗的过程中实现。离开企业的目标，便没有个人的职业发展，甚至难以在企业中立足。所以，员工在制定计划时，要与企业目标协调一致。

After understanding the above contents, we can carry out our own career planning accordingly.

Of course, you may encounter many difficulties in practical operation, such as "what kind of person am I?"

"Too little career information, no decision!"

"What kind of action plan is better for me?"

Wait.

It is wise to seek professional career advice agencies.