What Has Climate Done To The World?

There are many breakthrough points in the study of history, which can be carried out from the dimensions of politics, military affairs and economy, and also from the side of culture and art. To study history is nothing more than to understand the past natural world, the material world and the spiritual world of mankind, so as to provide reference for the present and future development road. At present, the exploration of yesterday's world from the perspective of meteorology, ecology and environment seems to have become a prominent school. Many scholars at home and abroad have put into action and published a series of related academic works. Among them, the book "climate change world", from the global macro scale, discusses the impact of climate change on human history and the role of human society in the climate.

Climate change world. Data map

The author of this book is Dr. phagan, an archaeologist and anthropologist at University of Cambridge, a world-renowned archaeologist who was a professor of anthropology at the University of Santa Barbara, California. He has published more than 20 works in the study of climate and human history for a long time. In addition to this book, there are also the little ice age, the rise and fall of holy babies and Civilizations: floods, famine and emperors, long summer: how climate changes human civilization.

The "climate change world" analyzes and narrate from the four perspectives of history, ecology, environment and civilization. If a scholar does not have extensive knowledge accumulation, he will not have the courage to carry out such cross research. In order to write this book, the author has consulted a large number of reliable historical documents, covering the whole world with tentacles. The difficulty of studying climate and human history can be imagined. The key obstacle is that ancient climatic records are incomplete and scattered in various languages.

In view of the narration of climate and civilization, the author does not have all kinds of "Pepper sprinkled" but focuses on the important climatic changes in ancient world history. The book is divided into thirteen chapters: "great warming in history", "warm period", "super drought period", "ruler of water mountain", "water of the Yellow River" and so on. In each chapter, we first talk about the climate events in a historical sense, and then we use the relevant data to conduct rational research.

In the backward agricultural society, climate change directly determines crop harvest, and bad climate changes bring about a series of problems: people are unable to fill their stomachs, social agitation, and finally rule wavering. It is easy to see through history: whenever the northern nomadic tribes are threatened by the age of abnormal climate, especially when the northern severe cold is intensifying, they will move towards the moist South and look for a way out for survival. For example, the war between the Western barbarians and ancient Greece and Rome, and the game between the northern Huns and the Han Dynasty deeply influenced the trend of world history.

Although the author is not the advocate of "climate determinism", he has a positive attitude towards climate impact and the development of the world. The rise of the four most ancient civilizations in the world is directly related to climate change. Because of the abundant rainfall and abundant water and grass in the river area, brilliant civilization has developed. However, apart from the continuation of ancient Chinese civilization, the other three ancient civilizations declined. The reason for this is that the climate is getting drier and drier, the rain is seriously insufficient, and civilization is declining. Of course, there are economic, war and other factors, but climate change is the main "trader", and the historians also agree on this. So what's the reason for changing the climate? Human factors have at least played a role in fueling. The rich countries in the ancient world, along with the development of the economy, have a sharp increase in population and at the same time more frequent demands on Nature: constantly reclaiming new fields and raising more people, and countless trees have been cut down to make houses and make fires. After the destruction of the natural environment, the climate became worse and worse. The destructive effect of this vicious climate cycle is enormous.

As we all know, the fertile land on both sides of ancient the Yellow River has bred brilliant Chinese civilization. More than one thousand years ago, large mammals such as elephants, tigers and lions can be seen everywhere in the the Yellow River basin of Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan. These animals are extremely critical of climate and food. When the climate becomes abnormal, the soil erosion along the coast of the Yellow River, the animals represented by elephants continue to migrate south, and some disappear in the depths of history. Other slow moving elephants retreat to the jungle of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. In this regard, a famous British scholar, emmak, has made a detailed analysis of the retreat of elephants in the monograph of Ecological History (Jiangsu people's publishing house, 2014 Edition). This also shows that the consequences of climate change are all inclusive and full coverage.

In the book "climate change world", the author did not neglect China during the discussion of climate change in ancient world. As a big eastern country, the interaction between climate and environment will have an impact on the world climate. The twelfth chapter, "water in the Yellow River", analyzes several topics of climate and natural change in the Yellow River basin. According to the book, the Tang Dynasty was the most powerful Dynasty in China, and more than half of the Chinese lived in the the Yellow River valley. The decline of the Tang Dynasty is directly related to climate change. In the Tang Dynasty, the the Yellow River River Basin was severely cut down due to tree cutting and logging, serious soil erosion and reduced rainfall, resulting in a decline in farmers' income and heavy taxes.

Over the years, the scientific protection of the the Yellow River environment and the restoration of the Yellow River's ecology has become the focus of social governance. As long as we continue to work hard in environmental ecology, the mother river of the Chinese nation will return to its original form in the future.

In ancient China, from the ruling class to the people and the people, they were filled with admiration and admiration for the sky. With the rise of technology, we have made accurate statistics and analysis of the various climate changes, but this does not mean that we can wait for nature and despise the climate. To revere nature and to focus on climate is to protect ourselves. Although human beings can not determine climate change, they can affect climate change. If this effect is beneficial, it will be beneficial to human reproduction and civilization development; on the contrary, the bitter fruit of brewing will be paid by mankind itself.